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THE INFERNAL MORE THEN TO BEEN HAD JUST BECAUSE IT'S CAN BE MORE LESS AN...

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THE INFERNAL MORE THEN TO BEEN HAD JUST BECAUSE IT'S CAN BE MORE LESS AN...

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Flag of Liechtenstein From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Liechtenstein Flag of Liechtenstein.svg Use Civil and state flag Proportion 3:5 Adopted Jun 30, 1982 Design Horizontal bicolour of blue and red; charged with a gold crown in the canton The flag of Liechtenstein (German: Flagge Liechtensteins) consists of two horizontal blue and red bands charged with a gold crown at the canton. Adopted in 1921 after being officially enshrined into the nation's constitution, it has been the flag of the Principality of Liechtenstein since that year. The crown was added to the flag in 1937 after the country found out at the Summer Olympics held the previous year that their flag was identical to the flag of Haiti. Contents [hide] 1 History 2 Design 2.1 Construction 2.2 Symbolism 3 Legal issues 4 Government flags 5 Flags of municipalities 6 Historical flags 7 References 8 External links History[edit] When flown vertically the crown on the flag is rotated so that it always faces upwards. (The flag on the left is that of Liechtenstein) Liechtenstein was formed in 1719 as a principality within the Holy Roman Empire, and gained complete independence in 1866.[1] Within this period, the colours blue and red were selected to feature on the flag, instead of the gold and red on the coat of arms that would have customarily been employed instead. These new livery colours were first utilized by Prince Joseph Wenzel I in 1764.[2] A new constitution for the Principality was formulated and proclaimed in October 1921.[2][3] It made the blue and red banner the national flag by granting it "official status".[2] Fifteen years later, during the 1936 Summer Olympics, the country came to the realization that its flag was identical to the flag of Haiti. Because of this finding, the government added the prince's crown to the canton.[2][4][5] This change served two purposes – to signify Liechtenstein's position as a principality, and to distinguish its flag from Haiti's.[4][6] This modified design was adopted on June 24, 1937.[6] Design[edit] Construction[edit] Construction sheet for the Liechtenstein flag. Symbolism[edit] The colors and symbols of the flag carry cultural, political, and regional meanings. The blue represents the sky, while red alludes to the "evening fires" that are lit inside houses throughout the country.[2] The crown – whose colour is disputed – epitomizes the "unity of the people and their prince."[2] While The World Factbook and Reuters describe it as gold in colour,[4][5] other sources – such as Whitney Smith in the Encyclopædia Britannica – describe it as yellow.[2][6] Legal issues[edit] In February 2004, the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of Liechtenstein called for the capture of a Falcon 50 private jet that was owned by the former regime of Saddam Hussein and kept in Amman, Jordan. They sought this action because the plane flew the flag of Liechtenstein and had a registration number from Switzerland, which keeps the civil aviation records of the Principality. This was carried out shortly afterwards in order to comply with United Nations Security Council Resolution 1483.[7] After being transported to Basel and revamped entirely, the Liechtensteiner government returned the plane to the new government of Iraq on December 5, 2005. This marked the first Iraqi aircraft seized under UN sanctions to be given back to the country.[8] Government flags[edit] Standard of the Prince of Liechtenstein. Standard of the Prince of Liechtenstein. Standard of the Government of Liechtenstein. Standard of the Government of Liechtenstein. Banner of the Princely House of Liechtenstein. Banner of the Princely House of Liechtenstein. Flags of municipalities[edit] The eleven municipalities each have their own flag. Flag of Ruggell Flag of Schellenberg Flag of Gamprin Flag of Eschen Flag of Mauren Flag of Schaan Flag of Planken Flag of Vaduz Flag of Triesenberg Flag of Triesen Flag of Balzers Historical flags[edit] Flag Duration Use Description Flag of Liechtenstein (1719-1852).svg 1719–1852 Flag of the Principality of Liechtenstein Two horizontal gold and red bands at 3:5 proportions. Flag of Liechtenstein (1852-1921).svg 1852–1921 Flag of the Principality of Liechtenstein Two vertical blue and red bands at 3:5 proportions. Flag of Liechtenstein (1921-1937).svg 1921–1937 Flag of the Principality of Liechtenstein Two horizontal blue and red bands at 3:5 proportions. Flag of Liechtenstein 1937.svg 1937–1982 Flag of the Principality of Liechtenstein Two horizontal blue and red bands at 3:5 proportions, and princely crown in top-left corner. References[edit] Jump up ^ "Liechtenstein profile". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved June 26, 2014. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Smith, Whitney (July 17, 2013). "Flag of Liechtenstein". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved June 26, 2014. (subscription required) Jump up ^ "History of Liechtenstein". Lonely Planet. Retrieved June 26, 2014. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Liechtenstein". The World Factbook. CIA. Retrieved June 26, 2014. ^ Jump up to: a b Rainey, Venetia (July 24, 2012). "Flag bearing: a potted history". Reuters. Retrieved June 26, 2014. ^ Jump up to: a b c Kindersley, Dorling (November 3, 2008). Complete Flags of the World. Dorling Kindersley Ltd. p. 148. ISBN 9781405338615. Retrieved June 26, 2014. Jump up ^ "Leichtenstein [sic] orders seizure of Saddam jet in Amman". Agence France-Presse. February 26, 2004. Retrieved June 26, 2014. (subscription required) Jump up ^ "Saddam plane handed over". Cayman Compass. Associated Press. December 5, 2005. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved June 26, 2014. External links[edit] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Flags of Liechtenstein. Liechtenstein at Flags of the World (in German) Original Law text [show] v t e Liechtenstein articles [show] v t e Flags of Europe [show] v t e National flags and coats of arms Categories: National flagsNational symbols of LiechtensteinFlags introduced in 1937 Navigation menu Not logged inTalkContributionsCreate accountLog inArticleTalkReadEditView historySearch Search Wikipedia Go Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Donate to Wikipedia Wikipedia store Interaction Help About Wikipedia Community portal Recent changes Contact page Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Wikidata item Cite this page Print/export Create a book Download as PDF Printable version In other projects Wikimedia Commons Languages አማርኛ العربية Azərbaycanca Беларуская Беларуская (тарашкевіца)‎ Български Bosanski Català Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Galego ગુજરાતી 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Latviešu Lietuvių Lumbaart Magyar Македонски Bahasa Melayu Nederlands 日本語 Norsk ਪੰਜਾਬੀ Plattdüütsch Polski Português Română Русский Scots Shqip Sicilianu Simple English Slovenčina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska ไทย Türkçe Українська Tiếng Việt Yorùbá 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 6 December 2017, at 00:51. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. Privacy policyAbout WikipediaDisclaimersContact WikipediaDevelopersCookie statementMobile viewWikimedia Foundation Powered by MediaWiki

Flag of Liechtenstein From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Liechtenstein Use Civil and state flag Proportion 3:5 Adopted Jun 30, 1982 Design Horizontal bicolour of blue and red ; charged with a gold crown in the canton The flag of Liechtenstein ( German : Flagge Liechtensteins ) consists of two horizontal blue and red bands charged with a gold crown at the canton . Adopted in 1921 after being officially enshrined into the nation's constitution , it has been the flag of the Principality of Liechtenstein since that year. The crown was added to the flag in 1937 after the country found out at the Summer Olympics held the previous year that their flag was identical to the flag of Haiti . Contents [ hide ] 1 History 2 Design 2.1 Construction 2.2 Symbolism 3 Legal issues 4 Government flags 5 Flags of municipalities 6 Historical flags 7 References 8 External links History [ edit ] When flown vertica

Snapchat From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the app. For the company, see Snap Inc. Not to be confused with Shaphat. Snapchat App icon seen on Android and iOS App icon seen on Android and iOS [show] Screenshot Original author(s) Evan Spiegel Bobby Murphy Reggie Brown Developer(s) Snap Inc. Initial release September 2011; 6 years ago Stable release(s) [±] Android 10.18.5.0 / October 5, 2017; 3 months ago[1][2] iOS 10.18.1.0 / October 6, 2017; 3 months ago[3] Preview release(s) [±] Android 10.23.19 / January 11, 2018; 2 days ago[4] Development status Active Operating system Android, iOS Size 52.19 MB (Android) 95.7 MB (iOS) Available in 20 languages [show] List of languages Type Photo sharing Instant messaging Video chat Multimedia License Proprietary software Alexa rank Negative increase 4,458 (As of December 2017)[5] Website www.snapchat.com Snapchat is an image messaging and multimedia mobile application created by Evan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy, and Reggie Brown,[6] former students at Stanford University, and developed by Snap Inc., originally Snapchat Inc. One of the principal concepts of Snapchat is that pictures and messages are only available for a short time before they become inaccessible. The app has evolved from originally focusing on person-to-person photo sharing to presently featuring "Stories" of 24-hour chronological content, along with "Discover" to let brands show ad-supported short-form entertainment. Snapchat has become notable for representing a new, mobile-first direction for social media, and places significant emphasis on users interacting with virtual stickers and augmented reality objects. As of May 2017, Snapchat has 166 million daily active users. Contents 1 History 1.1 Prototype 1.2 Growth 2 Features 2.1 Core functionality 2.1.1 Friend Emojis 2.2 Stories and Discover 2.2.1 Original video content 2.3 Messaging 3 Business and multimedia 3.1 Demographics 3.2 Communication 3.3 Monetization 4 Controversy 4.1 December 2013 hack 4.2 Federal Trade Commission 4.3 Lens incidents 4.4 Patent Infringement 4.5 "Poor Country" remark 4.6 "Snap Map" privacy concerns 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External links History For a chronological guide to this subject, see Timeline of Snapchat. Prototype According to documents and deposition statements, Reggie Brown brought the idea for a disappearing pictures application to Evan Spiegel because Spiegel had prior business experience. Brown and Spiegel then pulled in Bobby Murphy, who had experience coding. The three worked closely together for several months, and launched Snapchat as "Picaboo" on the iOS operating system on July 8, 2011.[7][8] Spiegel and Murphy then decided to "toss Brown out of the company".[9] The app was relaunched as Snapchat in September 2011, and the team focused on usability and technical aspects, rather than branding efforts.[10] One exception was the decision to keep a mascot designed by Brown, "Ghostface Chillah", named after Ghostface Killah of the hip-hop group Wu-Tang Clan.[10] On May 8, 2012, Reggie Brown sent an email to Evan Spiegel during their senior year at Stanford in which he offered to re-negotiate his equitable share regarding ownership of the company. Lawyers for Snapchat responded by insisting that he had never had any creative connection to the product. The attorneys also accused Brown of committing fraud against Spiegel and Murphy by falsely claiming to be a product inventor. On behalf of their clients, the law firm concluded that Reggie Brown had made no contributions of value or worth, and was therefore entitled to a share of nothing.[11][12] In September 2014, Brown settled with Spiegel and Murphy for $157.5 million[13] and for getting credited as one of the original authors of Snapchat.[6][14][15] In their first blog post, dated May 9, 2012, CEO Evan Spiegel described the company's mission: "Snapchat isn’t about capturing the traditional Kodak moment. It’s about communicating with the full range of human emotion — not just what appears to be pretty or perfect."[16] He presented Snapchat as the solution to stresses caused by the longevity of personal information on social media, evidenced by "emergency detagging of Facebook photos before job interviews and photoshopping blemishes out of candid shots before they hit the internet".[16] Growth World map indicating Snapchat's core users by country in 2014. Map based on data from a report from Business Insider Intelligence.[17] In May 2012, 25 images were being sent per second[18] and, as of November 28, 2012, users had shared over one billion photos on the Snapchat iOS app, with 20 million photos being shared per day.[18][19] In November 2012, Spiegel cited problems with userbase scalability as the reason why Snapchat was experiencing some difficulties delivering its images, known as "snaps", in real time.[18] Snapchat was released as an Android app on October 29, 2012.[18] In June 2013, Snapchat version 5.0, dubbed "Banquo", was released for iOS. The updated version introduced several speed and design enhancements, including swipe navigation, double-tap to reply, an improved friend finder, and in-app profiles.[20] The name is a reference to the ghostly hero from Shakespeare's Macbeth, a character in the play who is ultimately seen to be victorious over evil.[21] Also in June 2013, Snapchat introduced Snapkidz for users under 13 years of age. Snapkidz was part of the original Snapchat application and was activated when the user provided a date of birth to verify his/her age. Snapkidz allowed children to take snaps and draw on them, but they could not send snaps to other users and could only save snaps locally on the device being used.[22] According to Snapchat's published statistics, as of May 2015, the app's users were sending 2 billion videos per day, reaching 6 billion by November.[23] By 2016, Snapchat had hit 10 billion daily video views.[24] In May 2016, Snapchat raised $1.81 billion in equity offering, suggesting strong investor interest in the company.[25] By May 31, 2016, the app had almost 10 million daily active users in the United Kingdom.[26] In February 2017, Snapchat had 160 million daily active users,[27][28] growing to 166 million in May.[29][30] Snapchat Spectacles Vending Machine at SXSW 2017, Austin, Texas In September 2016, Snapchat Inc. was renamed Snap Inc., along with the introduction of the company's first hardware gadget, Spectacles, a pair of smartglasses with a built-in camera that can record 10 seconds of video at a time.[31] On February 20, 2017, Spectacles became available for purchase online.[32] Features Core functionality Snapchat is primarily used for creating multimedia messages referred to as "snaps"; snaps can consist of a photo or a short video, and can be edited to include filters and effects, text captions, and drawings.[33][34] The ability to send video snaps was added as a feature option in December 2012. By holding down on the photo button while inside the app, a video of up to ten seconds in length can be captured. After a single viewing, the video disappears by default. Spiegel explained that this process allowed the video data to be compressed into the size of a photo.[35] On May 1, 2014, the ability to communicate via video chat was added. Direct messaging features were also included in the update, allowing users to send ephemeral text messages to friends and family while saving any needed information by clicking on it.[36][37] A feature known as "Geofilters" was added in July 2014, which allows special graphical overlays to be available if the user is within a certain geographical location, such as a city, event, or destination.[38][39] Snapchat users can design and submit their own "Geofilters" to be used on the app. The "Lens" feature, introduced in September 2015, allows users to add real-time effects into their snaps by using face detection technology. This is activated by long-pressing on a face within the viewfinder.[40] In April 2017, Snapchat extended this feature into "World Lenses", which use augmented reality technology to integrate 3D rendered elements (such as objects and animated characters) into scenes; these elements are placed and anchored in 3D space.[41][42] Snaps can be directed privately to selected contacts, or to a semi-public "Story".[43] The private message photo snaps can be viewed for a user-specified length of time (1 to 10 seconds as determined by the sender) before they become inaccessible. Users were previously required to hold down on the screen in order to view a snap; this behavior was removed in July 2015[44] The requirement to hold on the screen was intended to frustrate the ability to take screenshots of snaps; the Snapchat app does not prevent screenshots from being taken, but can notify the sender if it detects that it has been saved. However, these notifications can be bypassed through either unauthorized modifications to the app or by obtaining the image through external means.[10][18][45] One snap per day can be replayed for free.[46] In September 2015, Snapchat introduced the option to purchase additional replays through in-app purchases.[47][46][48] The ability to purchase extra replays was removed in April 2016.[49][50] Friends can be added via usernames and phone contacts, using customizable "Snapcodes", or through the "Add Nearby" function, which scans for users near their location who are also in the Add Nearby menu.[44][51] Spiegel explained that Snapchat is intended to counteract the trend of users being compelled to manage an idealized online identity of themselves, which he says has "taken all of the fun out of communicating".[10] In November 2014, Snapchat introduced "Snapcash", a feature that lets users send and receive money to each other through private messaging. The payments system is powered by Square.[52][53] In July 2016, Snapchat introduced a new, optional feature known as "Memories". Memories allows snaps and story posts to be saved into a private storage area, where they can be viewed alongside other photos stored on the device, as well as edited and published as snaps, story posts, or messages. When shared to a user's current story, the memory would have a white frame and timestamp to indicate its age. Content in the Memories storage area can be searched by date or using a local object recognition system. Snaps accessible within Memories can additionally be placed into a "My Eyes Only" area that is locked with a PIN. Snapchat has stated that the Memories feature was inspired by the practice of manually scrolling through photos on a phone to show them to others.[54] In April 2017, the white border around old memories was removed. While originally intended to let viewers know the material was old, TechCrunch wrote that the indicator "ended up annoying users who didn’t want their snaps altered, sometimes to the point where they would decide not to share the old content at all".[55][56] July 2016 also marked Snapchat's acquisition of Bitstrips and its app Bitmoji, which allows users to design stickers featuring personalized cartoon avatars. At this time, Snapchat launched integration between Bitmoji and Snapchat, allowing users to link their accounts and use Bitmoji stickers within snaps and messages.[57][58] Bitmoji characters can also be used as World Lenses.[59] In August 2016, Snapchat launched Geostickers, a feature that lets users send city-specific stickers in snaps and messages. Original launch cities were San Francisco (which launched with 15 stickers), Los Angeles, New York, Washington, D.C., Honolulu, London, Sydney, São Paulo, Paris and Riyadh.[60] In May 2017, an update made it possible to send snaps with unlimited viewing time, dropping the previous ten-second maximum duration, with the content disappearing after being deliberately closed by the recipient. New creative tools, namely the ability to draw with an emoji, videos that play in a loop, and an eraser that lets users remove objects in a photo with the app filling in the space with the background, were also released.[61][62] In June 2017, Snapchat started allowing users to add links to snaps, enabling them to direct viewers to specific websites; the feature was only available for brands previously. Additionally, the update added more creative tools: A "Backdrop" feature lets users cut out a specific object from their photo and apply colorful patterns to it in order to bring greater emphasis to that object, and "Voice Filters" enable users to remix the sounds of their voices in the snap. Voice Filters was previously available as part of the feature enabling augmented reality lenses, with the new update adding a dedicated speaker icon to remix the audio in any snap.[63][64] Friend Emojis As incentive to send content regularly, emoji icons will appear next to the names of contacts that the user frequently interacts with.[65] Emoji Friend Emoji Name Snapchat Meaning 💕 Super BFF Appears next to your #1 Best Friend when you're also their #1 Best Friend - for two months in a row. ❤️ BFF Appears next to your #1 Best Friend when you're also their #1 Best Friend - for two weeks in a row. 💛 Besties Appears next to your #1 Best Friend when you're also their #1 Best Friend. 😊 BFs Appears next to one of your Best Friends 😏 Their BF, but... Appears next to someone when you are one of their Best Friends, but they are not one of yours. 😬 Mutual Besties Appears next to someone when your #1 Best Friend is also their #1 Best Friend. 😎 Mutual BFs Appears next to someone whom you share a best friend with. 🔥 Snapstreak Appears next to the number of days that you and a friend have Snapped each other. If you and your friend don't both send a Snap within 24 hours, you will lose your Snapstreaks. ✨ Group Chat Appears next to all of your group chats. ⌛️ Hourglass Appears next to someone’s name if your Snapstreak is going to end soon. Send each other a Snap, not a chat, to keep your streak alive 🎂 Birthday Cake Appears next to someone when it is their birthday. Stories and Discover In October 2013, Snapchat introduced the "My Story" feature, which allows users to compile snaps into chronological storylines, accessible to all of their friends.[43][66] By June 2014, photo and video snaps presented to friends in the Stories functionality had surpassed person-to-person private snaps as the most frequently-used function of the service, with over one billion viewed per day — double the daily views tallied in April 2014.[67] In June 2014, the story feature was expanded to incorporate "Our Stories", which was then changed to "Live Stories" about a year later. The feature allows users on-location at specific events (such as music festivals or sporting events) to contribute snaps to a curated story advertised to all users, showcasing a single event from multiple perspectives and viewpoints. These curated snaps provided by the app's contributors and selected for the "Live" section could also be more localized, but Snapchat eventually scaled back the more personal imaging streams in order to emphasize public events.[68][69][70][71][72][73] An "Official Stories" designation was added in November 2015 to denote the public stories of notable figures and celebrities, similar to Twitter's "Verified account" program.[74] In January 2015, Snapchat introduced "Discover", an area containing channels of ad-supported short-form content from major publishers, including BuzzFeed, CNN, ESPN, Mashable, People, Vice and Snapchat itself among others.[75][76][77] To address data usage concerns related to these functions, a "Travel Mode" option was added in August 2015. When activated, the feature prevents the automatic downloading of snaps until they are explicitly requested by the user.[78] In October 2016, the app was updated to replace its auto-advance functionality, which automatically moved users from one story to the next, with a "Story Playlist" feature, letting users select thumbnails of users in the list to play only selected stories.[79][80] In January 2017, Snapchat revamped its design, adding search functionality and a new global live "Our Story" feature, to which any user can contribute.[81] In May 2017, Snapchat introduced "Custom Stories", letting users collaboratively make stories combining their captures.[82][83] In June 2017, "Snap Map" was introduced, which allows users to optionally share their location with friends. A map display, accessible from the viewfinder, can be used to locate stories based on location data, supporting the use of Bitmoji as placemarkers. Entering a "Ghost Mode" hides the user from the map.[84][85] The function is based on the app Zenly, which was acquired by Snap Inc. prior to its launch.[86] The map data is supplied from OpenStreetMap and Mapbox, while satellite imagery comes from DigitalGlobe.[87] Original video content The Wall Street Journal reported in May 2017 that Snap Inc., the company developing Snapchat, had signed deals with NBCUniversal, A&E Networks, BBC, ABC, Metro–Goldwyn–Mayer and other content producers to develop original shows for viewing through Snapchat's "Stories" format. According to the report, Snap hopes to have several new shows available on a daily basis, with each show lasting between three and five minutes, and the company has sent out detailed reports to its partners on how to produce content for Snapchat.[88][89][90] Messaging Example Snapchat "snap" on smartphone. In contrast to other messaging apps, Spiegel described Snapchat's messaging functions as being "conversational," rather than "transactional," as they sought to replicate the conversations he engaged in with friends. Spiegel stated that he did not experience conversational interactions while using the products of competitors like iMessage.[36] Rather than a traditional online notification, a blue pulsing "Here" button is displayed within the sender's chat window if the recipient is currently viewing their own chat window. When this button is held down, a video chat function is immediately launched.[36] By default, messages disappear after they are read, and a notification is sent to the recipient only when they start to type.[36] Users can also use messages to reply to snaps that are part of a story.[91] The video chat feature uses technology from AddLive—a real-time communications provider that Snapchat acquired prior to the feature's launch.[92] In regards to the "Here" indicator, Spiegel explained that "the accepted notion of an online indicator that every chat service has is really a negative indicator. It means 'my friend is available and doesn't want to talk to you,' versus this idea in Snapchat where 'my friend is here and is giving you their full attention.'" Spiegel further claimed that the Here video function prevents the awkwardness that can arise from apps that use typing indicators because, with text communication, conversations lose their fluidity as each user tries to avoid typing at the same time.[36] On March 29, 2016, Snapchat launched a major revision of the messaging functionality known as "Chat 2.0", adding stickers, easier access to audio and video conferencing, the ability to leave audio or video "notes", and the ability to share recent camera photos. The implementation of these features are meant to allow users to easily shift between text, audio, and video chat as needed while retaining an equal level of functionality.[93] Business and multimedia Demographics From its earliest days, Snapchat's main demographic has consisted of millennials.[94] In 2014, researchers from the University of Washington and Seattle Pacific University designed a user survey to help understand how and why the application was being used. The researchers originally hypothesized that due to the ephemeral nature of Snapchat messages, its use would be predominantly for privacy-sensitive content including the much talked about potential use for sexual content and sexting.[95] However, it appears that Snapchat is used for a variety of creative purposes that are not necessarily privacy-related at all.[95] In the study, only 1.6% of respondents reported using Snapchat primarily for sexting, although 14.2% admitted to having sent sexual content via Snapchat at some point.[95] These findings suggest that users do not seem to utilize Snapchat for sensitive content. Rather, the primary use for Snapchat was found to be for comedic content such as "stupid faces" with 59.8% of respondents reporting this use most commonly.[95] The researchers also determined how Snapchat users do not use the application and what types of content they are not willing to send. They found that the majority of users are not willing to send content classified as sexting (74.8% of respondents), photos of documents (85.0% of respondents), messages containing legally questionable content (86.6% of respondents), or content considered mean or insulting (93.7% of respondents).[95] The study results also suggested that Snapchat's success is not due to its security properties, but because the users found the application to be fun. The researchers found that users seem to be well aware (79.4% of respondents) that recovering snaps is possible and a majority of users (52.8% of respondents) report that this does not affect their behavior and use of Snapchat.[95] Most users (52.8% of respondents) were found to use an arbitrary timeout length on snaps regardless of the content type or recipient. The remaining respondents were found to adjust their snaps' timeout depending on the content or the recipient.[95] Reasons for adjusting the time length of snaps included the level of trust and relationship with the recipient, the time needed to comprehend the snap, and avoiding screenshots.[95] Communication Snapchat has often been seen to represent a new direction in social media, with its users, particularly millennials, craving a more in-the-moment way of sharing and communicating via technology. With less emphasis on the accumulation of an ongoing status involving the presence of permanent material, Snapchat put focus on the ephemeral nature of fleeting encounters.[96] Building on this distinction by launching as a mobile-first company, Snapchat, in the midst of the app revolution and the growing presence of cellular communication, didn't have to make the transition to mobile in the way other competing social media networks had to do. Evan Spiegel himself described Snapchat as primarily a camera company.[97][98] Spiegel also dismissed past comparisons to other social media networks such as Facebook and Twitter when he was asked if the 2016 presidential race was going to be remembered as the Snapchat election, although major candidates did occasionally use the app to reach voters.[99] Nevertheless, the growing mobile app moved to offer distinct publication, media, and news content within its Discover channel, as well as with its overall style of presentation. With Snapchat, a clear and identifiable line was drawn between brand content and user based messaging and sharing, once again distinguishing the popular app from other social media networks, which typically have blended and blurred their different varieties of content.[100] Monetization Snapchat's developing features embody a deliberate strategy of monetization. Snapchat announced its then-upcoming advertising efforts on October 17, 2014, when it acknowledged its need for a revenue stream.[101] The company stated that it wanted to evaluate "if we can deliver an experience that's fun and informative, the way ads used to be, before they got creepy and targeted."[102] Snapchat's first paid advertisement, in the form of a 20-second movie trailer for the horror film Ouija, was shown to users on October 19, 2014.[103][104] The "Discover" feature, which presents short-form content from publishers, allows for paid advertising. The entity that sells the ad campaign causes the revenue distribution between Snapchat and its partner to vary, but it is estimated that advertisements are worth ten to fifteen cents per view. Furthermore, advertisements are estimated to be seen 500,000 to 1,000,000 times a day.[76][77][105] In June 2015, Snapchat announced that it would allow advertisers to purchase sponsored geofilters for snaps; an early customer of the offering was McDonald's, who paid for a branded geofilter covering its restaurant locations in the United States.[38] The advertising of Snapchat's "ghost" logo at Times Square in New York City in April 2016. In October 2015, Snapchat started working with companies to create sponsored Lens filters.[106] In May 2016, as part of a campaign to promote X-Men: Apocalypse, 20th Century Fox paid for the entire array of lenses to be replaced by those based on characters from the X-Men series and films for a single day.[107] Ad placements can be sold within a live story, or a story can be pitched by a sponsor. Live stories are estimated to reach an average of 20 million viewers in a 24-hour span.[71] In September 2015, the service entered into a partnership with the National Football League to present live stories from selected games (including a Sunday game, and marquee games such as Monday Night Football and Thursday Night Football), with both parties contributing content and handling ad sales.[71][108] Mary Meeker, a partner at Silicon Valley venture capital firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, which negotiated a financial agreement with Snapchat in August 2014,[109] highlighted the growth of vertical video viewing in her 2015 Internet Trends Report – growing from 5% of video viewing in 2010 to 29% in 2015. Vertical video ads like Snapchat's are watched in their entirety nine times more than landscape video ads.[110] In April 2016, NBC Olympics announced that it had reached a deal with Snapchat to allow stories from the 2016 Summer Olympics to be featured on Snapchat in the United States. The content will include a behind-the-scenes Discover channel curated by BuzzFeed (a company which NBCUniversal has funded), and stories featuring a combination of footage from NBC, athletes, and attendees. NBC will sell advertising and enter into revenue sharing agreements. This marks the first time NBC has allowed Olympics footage to be featured on third-party property.[111] In July 2016, it was reported that Snapchat had submitted a patent application for the process of using an object recognition system to deliver sponsored filters based on objects seen in a camera view.[112] In April 2017, Digiday reported that Snapchat would launch a self-service manager for advertising on the platform.[113] The feature launched the following month, alongside news of a Snapchat Mobile Dashboard for tracking ad campaigns, set to roll out in June to select countries.[114] In April 2017, Snapchat introduced a "Snap to Store" advertising tool that lets companies using geostickers to track whether users buy their product or visit their store in a 7-day period after seeing the relevant geosticker.[115][116] Controversy December 2013 hack Snapchat was hacked on December 31, 2013.[117][118] Gibson Security, an Australian security firm, had disclosed an API security vulnerability to the company on August 27, 2013,[119][120] and then made public the source code for the exploit on Christmas Day (Australian time; Christmas Eve in the US).[121][122] On December 27, Snapchat announced that it had implemented mitigating features.[123] Nonetheless, an anonymous group hacked them, saying that the mitigating features presented only "minor obstacles".[124][125] The hackers revealed parts of approximately 4.6 million Snapchat usernames and phone numbers on a website named "SnapchatDB.info"[118][126][127] and sent a statement to the popular technology blog TechCrunch saying that their objective had been to "raise public awareness ... and ... put public pressure on Snapchat" to fix the vulnerability.[126] Snapchat apologized a week after the hack.[128] Federal Trade Commission In 2014, Snapchat settled a complaint made by the Federal Trade Commission. The government agency alleged that the company had exaggerated to the public the degree to which mobile app images and photos could actually be made to disappear. Under the terms of the agreement, Snapchat was not fined, but the app service agreed to have its claims and policies monitored by an independent party for a period of 20 years. The FTC concluded that Snapchat was prohibited from "misrepresenting the extent to which it maintains the privacy, security, or confidentiality of users' information."[129] Following the agreement, Snapchat updated its privacy page to state that the company "can't guarantee that messages will be deleted within a specific timeframe." [130] Even after Snapchat deletes message data from their servers, that same data may remain in backup for a certain period of time.[130] In a public blog post, the service warned that "If you've ever tried to recover lost data after accidentally deleting a drive or maybe watched an episode of CSI, you might know that with the right forensic tools, it's sometimes possible to retrieve data after it has been deleted."[131] Lens incidents In September 2015, an 18-year-old was using a Snapchat feature called "Lens" to record the speed she was driving her Mercedes C230 when she crashed into a Mitsubishi Outlander in Hampton, Georgia. The 107 mph (172 km/h) crash injured both drivers. The driver of the Outlander spent five weeks in intensive care while he was treated for severe traumatic brain injury. In April 2016, the Outlander driver sued both Snapchat and the user of Snapchat, alleging that Snapchat knew its application was being used in unlawful speed contests, yet did nothing to prevent such use so is negligent.[132] A similar collision while driving at 115 mph (185 km/h), occurred in Tampa, Florida in October 2016 that killed five people.[133] Patent Infringement In 2016, Snapchat was sued by Canadian company Investel for infringement on its geofiltering patent.[134][135] "Poor Country" remark According to former Snapchat employee Anthony Pompliano in a lawsuit filed against Snap Inc., Spiegel made a statement in 2015 that Snapchat is "only for rich people" and that he does not "want to expand into poor countries like India and Spain".[136] The incident sparked a Twitter trend called "#UninstallSnapchat", in which Indian users uninstalled the app,[137] and caused backlash against the company in terms of low "one-star" ratings for the app in the Google Play store and Apple's App Store.[138][139] Snapchat's shares fell by 1.5%.[140] In response to the allegation, Snapchat called Pompliano's claim "ridiculous", and elaborated that "Obviously Snapchat is for everyone. It’s available worldwide to download for free".[139] "Snap Map" privacy concerns The June 2017 release of "Snap Map", a feature that broadcasts the user's location on a map, was met with concerns over privacy and safety. The feature, though opt-in, delivers a message asking if the user would like to show their position on the map, but reportedly doesn't explain the ramifications of doing so, including that the app updates the user's position on the map each time the app is opened and not just when actively capturing snaps, potentially allowing for stalkers. The map can be zoomed in to feature detailed geographical information, such as street addresses.[141] The Daily Telegraph reported that police forces had issued child safety warnings,[142] while other media publications wrote that safety concerns were also raised for teenagers and adults unaware of the feature's actual behavior.[141][143] In a statement to The Verge, a Snapchat spokesperson said that "The safety of our community is very important to us and we want to make sure that all Snapchatters, parents, and educators have accurate information about how the Snap Map works".[141] See also Comparison of instant messaging clients Ephemera – any transitory written or printed matter not meant to be retained or preserved List of virtual communities with more than 100 million active users Timeline of social media Sobrr, another mobile application which deletes content after a specified time References "Snapchat - Android Apps on Google Play". Google Play. Google. October 5, 2017. Retrieved October 7, 2017. "Snapchat". APKMirror. Android Police. October 7, 2017. Retrieved October 7, 2017. "Snapchat on the App Store". App Store. Apple Inc. October 6, 2017. Retrieved October 7, 2017. "Snapchat". APKMirror. Android Police. January 11, 2018. Retrieved January 11, 2018. "Snapchat.com Site Info". Alexa, Inc. Retrieved December 10, 2017. Gillette, Felix (September 10, 2014). "Snapchat Reaches Settlement With Its Disappearing Co-Founder". Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved April 27, 2017. Edwards, Jim (February 3, 2017). "The alleged betrayal described in these photos, texts, and emails cost Snapchat $158 million". Business Insider. Axel Springer SE. Retrieved April 27, 2017. Gallagher, Billy (July 1, 2013). "Snapchat's Spiegel Admits Brown "Came Up With The Idea For Disappearing Picture Messages" In New Court Documents". TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved April 27, 2017. Blodget, Henry (November 22, 2013). "Come On, Snapchat, Here's What Your Ousted Co-Founder Deserves — Settle This Lawsuit And Move On". Business Insider. Axel Springer SE. Retrieved April 10, 2017. Colao, J.J. (November 27, 2012). "Snapchat: The Biggest No-Revenue Mobile App Since Instagram". Forbes. Retrieved April 10, 2017. Original document, "151160912 Snapchat Reggie Brown Declaration", Sam Biddle Documentcloud, July 10, 2013. Retrieved March 27, 2016. Gallagher, Billy (July 31, 2013). "Evan Spiegel And Bobby Murphy Say Alleged Snapchat Co-Founder Never Had Equity". TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved April 10, 2017. Etehad, Melissa (February 3, 2017). "Two of these guys run Snap now. The third sued them". Los Angeles Times. Tronc. Retrieved April 10, 2017. Shontell, Alyson (September 9, 2014). "Snapchat Settles Lawsuit Filed By Ousted Co-Founder And Fraternity Brother, Reggie Brown". Business Insider. Axel Springer SE. Retrieved April 27, 2017. Crook, Jordan (September 9, 2014). 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(August 28, 2013) Snapchat names, aliases and phone numbers obtainable via Android and iOS APIs, say researchers. ZDNet. Retrieved on March 21, 2014. "Snapchat Security Disclosure". Gibson Security. Retrieved January 3, 2014. Blue, Violet. (December 25, 2013) Researchers publish Snapchat code allowing phone number matching after exploit disclosures ignored. ZDNet. Retrieved on March 21, 2014. Snapchat – GSFD. Gibsonsec.org. Retrieved on March 21, 2014. Constine, Josh (December 27, 2013). "Snapchat Downplays Phone Number Matching Hack, Says It's Added New Counter-Measures". TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved April 10, 2017. Shu, Catherine (December 31, 2013). "Confirmed: Snapchat Hack Not A Hoax, 4.6M Usernames And Numbers Published". TechCrunch. AOL. Retrieved April 10, 2017. Skillings, Jon (January 1, 2014). "Overexposed: Snapchat user info from 4.6M accounts". CNET. CBS Interactive. Retrieved April 10, 2017. "Snapchat hack: Users wonder whether their snaps are safe". San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved January 3, 2014. "Snapchat hack leaks 4.6m users details". The Telegraph. Retrieved January 3, 2014. Bushey, Ryan (January 9, 2014). "Snapchat Finally Apologizes After 4.6 Million User Phone Numbers Leak — Here's How To Make Sure It Doesn't Happen Again". Business Insider. Axel Springer SE. Retrieved April 10, 2017. Andrea Peterson, "Snapchat agrees to settle FTC charges that it deceived users", The Washington Post, May 8, 2014. Retrieved August 16, 2016. "Snapchat Privacy Policy". Retrieved February 22, 2015. "How Snaps Are Stored And Deleted". Snapchat Blog. Snapchat. May 9, 2013. Archived from the original on July 8, 2013. Retrieved July 21, 2013. Rogers, Katie (May 3, 2016). "Snapchat at 107 M.P.H.? Lawsuit Blames Teenager (and Snapchat)". The New York Times. Retrieved October 30, 2016. "Snapchat Video Shows Driver Speeding at 115 mph Before Deadly Crash". NBC News. October 31, 2016. Retrieved October 31, 2016. "Investel sues Snapchat alleging geofiltering patent infringement". CBC News. August 24, 2016. Retrieved January 14, 2017. "Investel Capital Corp vs. Snapchat, Inc – complete Statement of Claim" (PDF). Maddaus, Gene (April 11, 2017). "Snapchat CEO Said 'This App Is Only for Rich People,' Ex-Employee Alleges". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved April 24, 2017. Hinchcliffe, Emma (April 15, 2017). "#UninstallSnapchat is taking off in India after an allegedly terrible comment from Snap's CEO". Mashable. Retrieved April 24, 2017. "Snapchat's App Rating Takes A Massive Hit On Play Store Thanks To 'Poor Indians', Spokesperson Issues Clarification". The Times of India. The Times Group. April 16, 2017. Retrieved April 24, 2017. Safi, Michael (April 17, 2017). "Snapchat denies claim CEO did not want to expand into 'poor India'". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved April 24, 2017. Randewich, Noel; Ingram, David (April 17, 2017). "Snap stock falls as alleged CEO comments rile some on social media". Reuters. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved April 24, 2017. Deahl, Dani (June 23, 2017). "Snapchat's newest feature is also its biggest privacy threat". The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved June 30, 2017. Field, Matthew (June 23, 2017). "Police issue child safety warning over Snapchat maps update that reveals users' locations". The Daily Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group. Retrieved June 30, 2017. Salon, Olivia (June 23, 2017). "Snapchat's new map feature raises fears of stalking and bullying". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved June 30, 2017. Further reading Kosoff, Maya (February 22, 2015). "2 dozen millennials explain why they're obsessed with Snapchat and how they use it". Business Insider. Axel Springer SE. Retrieved April 10, 2017. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Snapchat. Official website [show] v t e Instant messaging [show] v t e Snap Inc. 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Snapchat From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the app. For the company, see Snap Inc. Not to be confused with Shaphat . Snapchat App icon seen on Android and iOS [show] Screenshot Original author(s) Evan Spiegel Bobby Murphy Reggie Brown Developer(s) Snap Inc. Initial release September 2011 ; 6 years ago Stable release(s) [±] Android 10.18.5.0 / October 5, 2017 ; 3 months ago [1] [2] iOS 10.18.1.0 / October 6, 2017 ; 3 months ago [3] Preview release(s) [±] Android 10.23.19 / January 11, 2018 ; 2 days ago [4] Development status Active Operating system Android , iOS Size 52.19 MB (Android) 95.7 MB (iOS) Available in 20 languages [show] List of languages Type Photo sharing Instant messaging Video chat Multimedia License Proprietary software Alexa rank 4,458 (As of December 2017) [5] Website www .snapch

THE ISLAMIC LAW CONSTITUTIONAL SNIPPITS AND SNAPPITS

SNIPPITS AND SNAPPITS It is our duty to force all mankind to accept the seven Noahide laws, and if not ~ they will be killed." ~ Rabbi Yitzhak Ginsburg Saturday, 4 November 2017 The Truth about Radical Islam Radical Islamist ED Noor: Time to shed a little common sense on the rising levels of Islamophobia in North America. Please read through, feel free to comment, and remember who is truly behind all of this. Remember that the House of Saud and the Israelis work hand in hand with the usual criminal organizations, but the main concern of this group is the establishment of the Greater Israel Project; these eternal Middle Eastern Islamic wars are all waged towards that end. By Tony Cartalucci - NEO November 5, 2017 There are approximately 1.8 billion Muslims on Earth. That is approximately 24% of the world population. They li

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